The final document from the May 3-28, 2010 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference said the follow about nuclear security:

Preambular Paragraphs

• The Conference notes that bilateral and regional safeguards can play a key role in the promotion of transparency and mutual confidence between States, and that they can also provide assurances concerning nuclear non-proliferation. (p. 4, para. 22)
• The Conference welcomes the efforts of the IAEA to assist the States parties in strengthening their national regulatory controls of nuclear material, including the establishment and maintenance of the State systems of accounting for and control of nuclear materials.  (p. 5, para. 26)
• The Conference recognizes that national rules and regulations of States parties are necessary to ensure that the States parties are able to give effect to their commitments with respect to the transfer of nuclear and nuclear-related dual-use items to all States taking into account articles I, II and III of the Treaty, and, for States parties, also fully respecting article IV.  The Conference notes that numerous States underline that effective and transparent export controls are important to facilitating the fullest peaceful uses of nuclear energy, which, in the view of these States, depend on the existence of a climate of confidence about non-proliferation.  (p.5, para. 27)
• The Conference notes the paramount importance of effective physical protection of all nuclear material and the need for strengthened international cooperation in physical protection.  The Conference welcomes the adoption in 2005 of the amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material. (p. 5, para. 28)
• The Conference emphasizes the important role of the IAEA in fostering international cooperation in nuclear security, in establishing a comprehensive set of nuclear security guidelines, and in assisting Member States, upon request, in their efforts to enhance nuclear security. (p. 5, para. 29)
• The Conference recognizes the need for enhanced international cooperation and coordination amongst States parties, in accordance with their national legal authorities and legislation, in preventing, detecting and responding to illicit trafficking in nuclear and other radioactive material.  In this regard, the Conference notes the work of the IAEA in support of the efforts of States parties to combat such trafficking, including the Agency's activities undertaken to provide for an enhanced exchange of information and the continued maintenance of its illicit trafficking database.  (p. 5, para. 30)
• The Conference notes the entry into force in 2007 of the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism. (p. 5, para. 31)

Multilateral Approaches to the Nuclear Fuel Cycle

• The Conference notes the adoption by the IAEA Board of Governors in November 2009 of the Resolution on the establishment in Russia of a reserve of low-enriched uranium for the use of IAEA Member States and the signature in March 2010 of the relevant agreement between Russia and the IAEA.  (p. 8, para. 57)
• The Conference underlines the importance of continuing to discuss further, in a non-discriminatory and transparent manner under the auspices of the IAEA, or regional fora, the possibilities to create voluntary multilateral mechanisms for assurances of nuclear fuel supply, as well as possible schemes dealing with the back-end of the fuel cycle, without affecting the rights of States parties to develop nuclear energy for peaceful purposes in conformity with the Treaty, and while addressing the technical, legal and economic complexities surrounding these issues.  (p. 8, para. 58)

Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security

• The Conference stresses the importance of nuclear safety and nuclear security for the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.  While nuclear safety and nuclear security are national responsibilities, the IAEA should play the key role in the development of safety standards, nuclear security-guidelines and relevant conventions based on best practices. (p. 8, para. 59)
• The Conference encourages all States that have not done so to become party to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and to ratify its amendment so that it may enter into force at an early date. (p. 9, para.64)
• The Conference encourages all States that have not yet done so to become party to the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism. (p. 9, para. 65)
• The Conference notes the Nuclear Security Summit held in Washington in April 2010. (p. 9, para. 66)
• The Conference welcomes the efforts by State parties on a voluntary basis to minimize the use of highly enriched uranium in the civilian sector.  (p. 9, para. 67)
• The Conference recognizes the importance of applying best practice and basic principles, as developed by the IAEA, in mining and processing, including those related to environmental management of uranium mining. (p. 9, para. 68)
• The Conference underlines the fundamental importance of sustainable programmes, through international efforts, such as the IAEA, and regional and national efforts, for education and training in nuclear, radiation, transport, waste safety and nuclear security, while focusing on building institutional capacity and technical and managerial capabilities in States parties. (p. 9, para. 69)
• The Conference encourages State parties to promote the sharing of best practices in the area of nuclear safety and nuclear security, including through dialogue with the nuclear industry and the private sector, as appropriate. (p. 9, para. 70)

Fissile Materials

• Action 16: The nuclear-weapon States are encouraged to commit to declare, as appropriate, to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) all fissile material designated by each of them as no longer required for military purposes and to place such material as soon as practicable under IAEA or other relevant international verification and arrangements for the disposition of such material for peaceful purposes, to ensure that such material remains permanently outside military programmes. (p. 21)
• Action 17: In the context of Action 16, all States are encouraged to support the development of appropriate legally binding verification arrangements, within the context of the IAEA, to ensure the irreversible removal of all fissile material designated by each nuclear-weapon State as no longer required for military purposes. (p. 21)

Nuclear Non-Proliferation

• Action 30: The Conference calls for the wider application of safeguards to peaceful nuclear facilities in the nuclear-weapon States, under the relevant voluntary offer safeguards agreements, in the most economic and practical way possible, taking into account the availability of the IAEA resources and stresses that comprehensive safeguards and additional protocols should be universally applied once the complete elimination of nuclear weapons has been achieved.  (p. 23)
• Action 40: The Conference encourages all States to maintain the highest possible standards of security and physical protection of nuclear materials and facilities. (p. 24)
• Action 41: The Conference encourages all States parties to apply, as appropriate, the IAEA recommendations on the physical protection of nuclear material and nuclear facilities (INFCIRC/225.Rev.4 (Corrected)) and other relevant international instruments at the earliest possible date. (p. 24)
• Action 42: The Conference calls on all States parties to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material to ratify the amendment to the Convention as soon as possible and encourages them to act in accordance with the objectives and the purposes of the amendment until such time as it enters into force.  The Conference also encourages all States that have not yet done so to adhere to the Convention and adopt the amendment as soon as possible. (p. 24)
• Action 43: The Conference urges all States parties to implement the principles of the revised IAEA Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources, as well as the Guidelines on the Import and Export of Radioactive Sources approved by the IAEA Board of Governors in 2004.  (p. 24)
• Action 44: The Conference calls upon all States parties to improve their national capabilities to detect, deter, and disrupt illicit trafficking in nuclear materials throughout their territories, in accordance with their relevant international legal obligations and calls upon those States parties in a position to do so to work to enhance international partnerships and capacity-building in this regard.  The Conference also calls upon States parties to establish and enforce effective domestic controls to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons in accordance with their relevant international legal obligations. (p. 24)
• Action 45: The Conference encourages all States parties that have not yet done so to become party to the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism as soon as possible. (p. 24)
• Action 46: The Conference encourages the IAEA to continue to assist the States parties in strengthening their national regulatory controls of nuclear material, including the establishment and maintenance of the State systems of accounting for and control of nuclear material, as well as systems on regional level.  The Conference calls upon IAEA member States to broaden their support for the relevant IAEA programmes. (p. 24)